Aug 06, 2019 A PXE server: A server running the TFTP service that can host Windows PE boot files that the client will download. A file server: A server hosting a network file share. All four of the roles specified above can be hosted on the same computer or each can be on a separate computer. In version 1810 and earlier, it's not supported to use the PXE responder without WDS on servers that are also running a DHCP server. Starting in version 1902, when you enable a PXE responder on a distribution point without Windows Deployment Service, it can now be on the same server as the DHCP service.
-->- 76 - Quickly setup PXE booting to install any Windows OS or PXE boot linux, etc. 77 - Create a multiple partition, multi-boot USB Flash drive under Windows 78 - Run live XBMCbuntu from a multiboot USB drive.
- I want to try and setup a PXE boot server for a laptop that has a damaged hard drive. I have a custom built desktop with Windows 7 Ultimate x64 and I want to make it my server so I can use my laptop to boot from an image. I have been looking all over the internet and could not find a clear article that shows step by step.
Applies to: System Center Configuration Manager (Current Branch)
Preboot execution environment (PXE)-initiated OS deployments in Configuration Manager let clients request and deploy operating systems over the network. In this deployment scenario, you send the OS image and the boot images to a PXE-enabled distribution point.
Note
When you create an OS deployment that targets only x64 BIOS computers, both the x64 boot image and x86 boot image must be available on the distribution point.
You can use PXE-initiated OS deployments in the following scenarios:
Complete the steps in one of the OS deployment scenarios, and then use the sections in this article to prepare for PXE-initiated deployments.
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Configure at least one distribution point to accept PXE requests
To deploy operating systems to Configuration Manager clients that make PXE boot requests, you must configure one or more distribution points to accept PXE requests. Once you configure the distribution point, it responds to PXE boot requests and determines the appropriate deployment action to take. For more information, see Install or modify a distribution point.
Note
When configuring a single PXE enabled distribution point to support multiple subnets it is not supported to use DHCP options. Configure IP helpers on the routers to allow PXE requests to be forwarded to your PXE enabled distribution points.
Note
In version 1810 and earlier, it's not supported to use the PXE responder without WDS on servers that are also running a DHCP server.
Starting in version 1902, when you enable a PXE responder on a distribution point without Windows Deployment Service, it can now be on the same server as the DHCP service. Add the following settings to support this configuration:
- Set the DWord value DoNotListenOnDhcpPort to
1in the following registry key:HKLMSoftwareMicrosoftSMSDP. - Set DHCP option 60 to
PXEClient. - Restart the SCCMPXE and DHCP services on the server.
Prepare a PXE-enabled boot image
To use PXE to deploy an OS, you must have both x86 and x64 PXE-enabled boot images distributed to one or more PXE-enabled distribution points. Use the information to enable PXE on a boot image and distribute the boot image to distribution points:
To enable PXE on a boot image, select Deploy this boot image from the PXE-enabled distribution point from the Data Source tab in the boot image properties.
If you change the properties for the boot image, update and redistribute the boot image to distribution points. For more information, see Distribute content.
Manage duplicate hardware identifiers
Configuration Manager may recognize multiple computers as the same device if they have duplicate SMBIOS attributes or you use a shared network adapter. Mitigate these issues by managing duplicate hardware identifiers in hierarchy settings. For more information, see Manage duplicate hardware identifiers.
Create an exclusion list for PXE deployments
Note
In some circumstances, the process to Manage duplicate hardware identifiers may be easier.
The behaviors of each can cause different results in some scenarios. The exclusion list never boots a client with the listed MAC address, no matter what.
The duplicate ID list doesn't use the MAC address to find the task sequence policy for a client. If it matches the SMBIOS ID, or if there's a task sequence policy for unknown machines, the client still boots.
When you deploy operating systems with PXE, you can create an exclusion list on each distribution point. Add the MAC addresses to the exclusion list of the computers you want the distribution point to ignore. Listed computers don't receive the deployment task sequences that Configuration Manager uses for PXE deployment.
Process to create the exclusion list
Create a text file on the distribution point that is enabled for PXE. As an example, name this text file pxeExceptions.txt.
Use a plain text editor, such as Notepad, and add the MAC addresses of the computers to be ignored by the PXE-enabled distribution point. Separate the MAC address values by colons, and enter each address on a separate line. For example:
01:23:45:67:89:abSave the text file on the PXE-enabled distribution point site system server. The text file may be saved to any location on the server.
Edit the registry of the PXE-enabled distribution point to create a MACIgnoreListFile registry key. Add the string value of the full path for the text file on the PXE-enabled distribution point site system server. Use the following registry path:
HKLMSoftwareMicrosoftSMSDPWarning
If you use the Registry Editor incorrectly, you might cause serious problems that may require you to reinstall Windows. Microsoft can't guarantee that you can solve problems that result from using the Registry Editor incorrectly. Use the Registry Editor at your own risk.
Restart the WDS service or PXE responder service after you make this registry change. You don't need to restart the server.
RamDisk TFTP block size and window size
You can customize the RamDisk TFTP block and window sizes for PXE-enabled distribution points. If you've customized your network, a large block or window size could cause the boot image download to fail with a time-out error. The RamDisk TFTP block and window size customizations allow you to optimize TFTP traffic when using PXE to meet your specific network requirements. To determine what configuration is most efficient, test the customized settings in your environment. For more information, see Customize the RamDisk TFTP block size and window size on PXE-enabled distribution points.
Configure deployment settings
To use a PXE-initiated OS deployment, configure the deployment to make the OS available for PXE boot requests. Configure available operating systems on the Deployment Settings tab in the deployment properties. For the Make available to the following setting, select one of the following options:
Configuration Manager clients, media, and PXE
Only media and PXE
Only media and PXE (hidden)
Deploy the task sequence
Deploy the OS to a target collection. For more information, see Deploy a task sequence. When you deploy operating systems by using PXE, you can configure whether the deployment is required or available.
Required deployment: Required deployments use PXE without any user intervention. The user can't bypass the PXE boot. However, if the user cancels the PXE boot before the distribution point responds, the OS isn't deployed.
Available deployment: Available deployments require that the user is present at the destination computer. A user must press the F12 key to continue the PXE boot process. If a user isn't present to press F12, the computer boots into the current OS, or from the next available boot device.
You can redeploy a required PXE deployment by clearing the status of the last PXE deployment assigned to a Configuration Manager collection or a computer. For more information on the Clear Required PXE Deployments action, see Manage clients or Manage collections. This action resets the status of that deployment and reinstalls the most recent required deployments.
Important
The PXE protocol isn't secure. Make sure that the PXE server and the PXE client are located on a physically secure network, such as in a data center to prevent unauthorized access to your site.
How the boot image is selected for PXE
Pxe Boot Server Windows 10
When a client boots with PXE, Configuration Manager provides the client with a boot image to use. Configuration Manager uses a boot image with an exact architecture match. If a boot image with the exact architecture isn't available, Configuration Manager uses a boot image with a compatible architecture.
The following list provides details about how a boot image is selected for clients booting with PXE:
Configuration Manager looks in the site database for the system record that matches the MAC address or SMBIOS of the client that's trying to boot.
Note
If a computer that's assigned to a site boots to PXE for a different site, the policies aren't visible for the computer. For example, if a client is already assigned to site A, the management point and distribution point for site B aren't able to access the policies from site A. The client doesn't successfully PXE boot.
Configuration Manager looks for task sequences that are deployed to the system record found in step 1.
In the list of task sequences found in step 2, Configuration Manager looks for a boot image that matches the architecture of the client that's trying to boot. If a boot image is found with the same architecture, that boot image is used.
If it finds more than one boot image, it uses the highest or most recent deployment ID. In the case of a multi-site hierarchy, the higher letter site would take precedence in that string comparison. For example, if they're both matched otherwise, a year-old deployment from site ZZZ is selected over yesterday's deployment from site AAA.
If a boot image isn't found with the same architecture, Configuration Manager looks for a boot image that's compatible with the architecture of the client. It looks in the list of task sequences found in step 2. For example, a 64-bit BIOS/MBR client is compatible with 32-bit and 64-bit boot images. A 32-bit BIOS/MBR client is compatible with only 32-bit boot images. UEFI clients are only compatible with matching architecture. A 64-bit UEFI client is compatible with only 64-bit boot images and a 32-bit UEFI client is compatible with only 32-bit boot images.
I want to try and setup a PXE boot server for a laptop that has a damaged hard drive. I have a custom built desktop with Windows 7 Ultimate x64 and I want to make it my server so I can use my laptop to boot from an image. I have been looking all over the internet and could not find a clear article that shows step by step. I have heard of CCBoot but I am not sure how to use it. Can someone point me into the direction I need to go or show me an article?
Hennes4 Answers
You would need to setup a DHCP server for handling the assignment of the IP address to the laptop, and then set up a PXE server to handle the boot file transfers.
To do both of these functions, I would recommend you install TFTPD, available here: http://tftpd32.jounin.net/
Basic steps are:
Download and install TFTPD, and then add port 69 to the WindowsFirewall exceptions list (Control Panel - Security - Firewall).
Assign your computer a static IP address.
Configure TFTPD with the bootfile location and DHCP range.
Connect the two computers with a crossover cable, or use a switch and patch cables.
Boot the laptop with the network boot (PXE) option enabled.
To boot a Windows image, I recommend Steve's answer: How to install Windows 7 from the network?
Just set up and configure WDS (Windows Deployment Services) and it automatically sets it all up for you. Just boot your client PC from LAN and it will automatically find the server and then boot from it. You can then choose what to install.
jonscaWDS is severely limited when it comes to PXE booting non-Microsoft operating systems and should only be used for Windows environments, although you can install a completely different operating system from Windows PE.
TFTPD32/64 is a usefull tool if you can get it to work. It allows for a lot more flexibility but it requires some experimenting.
Personally like CCBoot a lot, since I also use VMWare to prepare installations, which images can be loaded as boot images.
Windows Server Pxe Boot Service
WDS is a windows server role that can accomplish what you are asking.